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ABSTRACT
We will study about rotary table of Vertical milling machine
and the role of the Rotary plate(rotary table). The vertical milling machine is
a precision tool used for shaping and fabrication by the removal of stock
typically from metallic work pieces. Plastics and other materials can also be
machined on the milling machine depending upon tooling and material.
A rotary table is a precision work positioning device
used in metalworking. It enables the operator to drill or cut work at exact
intervals around a fixed (usually horizontal or vertical) axis. Some rotary tables
allow the use of index plates for indexing operations, and some can also be
fitted with dividing plates that enable regular work positioning at divisions
for which indexing plates are not available.
OBJECTIVE:
·
To
create (make) a rotary table plate by working on the concept of the rotary
table.
·
Study
the function of rotary table in Milling machine.
·
Study
about the vertical milling machine.
Rotary Table:
A rotary table is a precision work positioning device
used in metalworking. It enables the operator to drill or cut work at exact
intervals around a fixed (usually horizontal or vertical) axis. Some rotary tables allow the use of index plates for
indexing operations, and some can also be fitted with dividing plates that
enable regular work positioning at divisions for which indexing plates are not
available. A rotary fixture used in this fashion is more appropriately called a dividing head (indexinghead).The rotatry table is shown in the Fig 1.
Fig 1.
APPARATUS:
·
Vertical
milling Machine (for the facing of the
work-piece)
·
Drilling (for the internal diameter/hole)
·
Rotary
table (for the grooving of work-piece)
Fig. AFTER
Fig. AFTER
Vertical Milling
Machine Description:
Fig
The vertical milling machine is a precision tool used for
shaping and fabrication by the removal of stock typically from metallic work
pieces ,shown in the following Fig.
Plastics and other materials can also be machined on the mill depending upon
tooling and material. Mill controls may be manually operated, computer
numerical controlled (CNC), or a combination of both.
Mill machining and material removal is typically made by a
rotary cutter held in a spindle. Cutting options are more sophisticated and
variable than a drill press by virtue of a moveable table and/or vise (x and
y-axes) and vertical spindle movement (z-axis).
Many vertical mills also have a rotatable turret for the
upper cutting head which provides even greater machining options (b-axis). A
diagram is included in this procedure to help illustrate the varying axes.
Some of the common operations that can be performed on the
mill include:
• Milling– These operations provide a flat surface or spot on
a work piece, typically with a specific orientation to other work piece features,
surfaces, or another piece. Facing is sometimes used on an irregular shaped
work piece to “true” one surface at a time to ensure that all surfaces have
appropriate specific geometric relationships with each other.
• Slotting or keyways – Slots, flats, or keyways can be cut
with proper fixturing.
• Drilling or boring – Where specific orientations are
required between work piece features, the vertical mill provides the means to
accurately index and machine holes.
Vertical Milling History:
Milling machines evolved from the practice of
rotary filing—that is, running a circular cutter with file-like teeth in the headstock of a lathe.
Rotary filling and later,true milling were developed to reduce time and effort
spent hand-filing. The full story of milling machine development may never be
known, because much early development took place in individual shops where few
records were kept for posterity.
In 1795, Eli Terry began using a milling machine
at Plymouth Connecticut in the production of tall case clocks. With the use of
his milling machine, Terry was the first to accomplish Interchangeable parts in the clock industry.
Milling wooden parts was efficient in interchangeable parts, but inefficient in
high yields.
In 1816, Milling machine invented to reduce hand filing of
intricate shapes. Later, in 1818, Whitney invented the first milling machine. A
bit later in the year 1818 Eli Whitney (inventor of the cotton gin) invents a
milling machine in New Haven Connecticut. Prior to the milling machine, a
machinist’s tools were primarily files and required a highly skilled operator.
The milling machine allowed a less skilled operator to make the same quality of
parts as the skilled operator with the file. This milling machine found use
making rifles for the government. The CNC (tape) machines started to show up
around 1953, in the earlier past the wood milling machine made in England that
was used in making patterns in a foundry. This machine had more axis than an
octopus. The table had X-Y-Z, would rotate, tilt. All this motions were made by
gear changes.
Description of
Rotary Table:
With the table mounted on a secondary table, the
work-piece is accurately centered on the rotary table's axis, which in turn is
centered on the cutting tool's axis. All three axes are
thus coaxial.
From this point, the secondary table can be offset in either the X or Y
direction to set the cutter the desired distance from the work-piece's center.
This allows concentric machining operations on the work-piece. Placing the work-piece
eccentrically a set distance from the center permits more complex curves to be
cut. As with other setups on a vertical mill, the milling operation can be
either drilling a series of concentric, and possibly equidistant holes, or face
or end milling either circular or semicircular shapes and contours.
A rotary table can be used:
·
To machine spanner flats
on a bolt.
·
To drill equidistant
holes on a circular flange
·
To cut a round piece
with a protruding tang
·
To create large-diameter
holes, via milling in a circular toolpath, on small milling machines that don't
have the power to drive large twist drills (>0.500"/>13 mm).
·
To cut complex curves
(with proper setup).
·
to cut straight lines at
any angle.
·
to cut arcs.
·
with the addition of a
compound table on top of the rotary table, the user can move the center of
rotation to anywhere on the part being cut. This enables an arc to be cut at
any place on the part.
·
to cut circular pieces.
Additionally, if converted to stepper motor operation,
with a CNC milling machineand a tailstock,
a rotary table allows many parts to be made on a mill that otherwise would
require a lathe.
Description of Work-piece:
All the dimensions are taken in millimeters (mm)
Scale:
1inches
= 12ft
1ft
= 25.4 mm
·
Length
of the plate is = 250mm
·
Inner
Diameter or Circle is 25mm
·
Total
grooves = 3
·
Groove
Size 2mm
·
Clamping
Gap =4
·
Clamping
Gap Length =10mm
·
Clamping
Gap Width =10mm
·
Work-piece
Thickness =10mm
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